chữ tòng
"Tam tòng tứ đức" là những chuẩn mực đạo đức khắt khe đối với người phụ nữ thời phong kiến, trong đó "chữ tòng" là một phần quan trọng.
Definition
- Noun:
- Chữ "tòng": One of the "tam tòng" (three obediences), a Confucian concept dictating that a woman should obey her father when young, her husband when married, and her son when widowed.
- The virtue of obedience/submission: Specifically refers to the traditional female virtue of submission and obedience within the feudal family and social structure.
Usage Examples
- Noun:
- "Tam tòng tứ đức" là những chuẩn mực đạo đức khắt khe đối với người phụ nữ thời phong kiến, trong đó "chữ tòng" là một phần quan trọng. ("Tam tong tu duc" were strict moral standards for women in feudal times, among which "chữ tòng" was an important part.)
- Quan niệm "chữ tòng" ngày nay đã lỗi thời và không còn phù hợp. (The concept of "chữ tòng" is now outdated and no longer appropriate.)
Advanced Usage
- This term is almost exclusively used in historical, cultural, or critical discussions about traditional Vietnamese/Confucian social values, particularly regarding women's roles. It is an archaic term in modern contexts.
- It is a component of the fixed phrase "tam tòng" (three obediences).
Variants and Related Words
- Tam tòng (n): The "Three Obediences" (tòng phụ, tòng phu, tòng tử).
- Tòng phụ (v): To obey one's father.
- Tòng phu (v): To obey one's husband.
- Tòng tử (v): To obey one's son (when widowed).
- Tứ đức (n): The "Four Virtues" (công, dung, ngôn, hạnh) for women.
Synonyms
- Sự phục tùng (n): Obedience, submission.
- Sự tuân theo (n): Compliance, adherence.
Notes on Meaning
- Primary Meaning: The core meaning is the principle of female obedience as defined by feudal Confucian ethics. It is a historical and sociological term.
- Modern Connotation: In contemporary usage, the term carries a strongly negative or critical connotation, symbolizing the oppression and inequality faced by women in traditional society. It is used to discuss historical context or to critique outdated values.